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Child Birth Delivery Education and Information

The human natural act or process of giving birth to an offspring or baby said to be childbirth, partus or parturition.
Childbirth is the emergence of newborn infant from its mother’s uterus. It is considered that a woman is to be in labour when she feels or experiences regular and strong uterine contractions, which is accompanied by changes of her cervix
1 The normal birth

• First stage: contraction
• Second stage
• Third stage: placenta
• After the birth

First stage: contractions

A typical human childbirth process begins with the onset of contractions of a woman’s uterus. The duration and frequency of these contractions varies from one individual to another.The onset of labour may be gradual or sudden, and it can be defined  or said as regular uterine activity accomapnied with cervical dilatation.

While a contraction the long muscles of the uterus contract, starting at the top of the uterus to the bottom. After every contraction, the muscles relax to for a shorter time than at the beginning of the contraction. This helps in drawing the cervix up over the baby's head. Every contraction dilates the cervix until it gets completely dilated, often referred to as 10+ cm (4") in diameter.

Then there is gradual and slow cervical change towards 3 cm (just about 1 inch), then the  dilation is siad to be "latent phase". A woman is now in "active labour" and contractions have become regular in its frequency (3-4 in 10 minutes) and lasts about 60 seconds. The powerful and strong contractions is then accompanied by cervical effacement and dilation that is greater than 3 cm. Now there is a great chance for the beginning of the labour, which may start with a rupture of the amniotic sac, the paired amnion and chorion ("breaking of the water"). The contractions will  further accelerate in its frequency and become more powerful. During this "transition phase" the dilation becomes 8 cm–10 cm (3 or 4 inches and the contractions last 70 to 90 seconds. It is most challenging and painful period for a mother. The duration of labour varies  from individual to individual that is 13 hours for a new mother and 8 hours for a mother who had already given birth.

Second stage

During the second stage of labour the baby is expelled from the mother’s womb through the vagina by the efforts of uterine contractions and maternal aids.

Generally, the baby is born with its head first and some born with their feet and buttock first, that is baby is breech.

Soon after the child birth umbilical chord is cut and the child is given lukewarm water bath  and cleaned up.

The medical condition of the child is reckoned with the Apgar score, which gives information on child’s heart beat, respiration, color of the skin and its sensiblity or response to stumuli.

The third stage ( Placenta)

After the child birth the uterus expels the placenta. The mother loses about 500 ml of  blood during this stage. There will be much blood loss if the umbilical cord is tugged on the placenta. It is necessary to examine the placenta to ensure that whether it was expelled whole. Remaining parts can cause other infection.

After the birth

Medical professionals with great emphasis  recommend  mothers to breastfeed the first milk, colostrum that is beneficial  to the baby for strengthening the immune power to fight anainst any infection.
It is very important to know every step of child birth for the safetly of child and mother.